The museum shelters collections of Roman archaeology: sculptural and epigraphic monuments, mosaics, fragments of mural painting, weapons, pottery, coins, silverware, bone and glassware, discovered in the near-by archaeological site. The Ulpia Traiana Colony, the capital of the Roman Province of Dacia, was founded between 108 and 110. Under Emperor Hadrianus it was added the name of Sarmizegetusa. Emperor Severus Alexander grants it the title of Metropolis. The building of the museum dates from early 20th century (it is a former inn).