The Piatra-Neamţ Natural Sciences Museum opened for the general public on the 15th of November 1969, and shortly it became one of the outstanding museums in Romania. The museum building was built up to the roof in 1942 and finished in 1965. The permanent exhibition consists of a complex monographic presentation of the geology, palaeontology, flora, fauna and ecology of the Neamţ county territory. The exhibition includes mineralogical and petrographic exhibits, dioramas and biogroups, presenting representative ecosystems of the Neamţ county, with many flora and fauna rarities. It is worth mentioning the dioramas illustrating the interesting flora and fauna in the Ceahlău... and Hăşmaş - Bicaz Straits National Parks, the Mesozoic and Neozoic fossils, especially the rich collection of Oligocene fossil fish, including many holotypes (the collection comprises over 600 fossil specimens, 31 of which are new species). The Oligocene formations at Piatra-Neamţ include also bivalves, gastropods, arachnids and reptiles. The paleoichtyofauna collection completes the similar collections in the Moscow, Wroclaw, Brno, Vienna, and Paris collections, and represents an important source of information on the Paratethys paleoecology from the Oligocene. The scientific collections of the museum (mineralogy-petrography, palaeontology, botany, zoology) include about 45,000 items.
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